Sainsbury, DP, Sainsbury, BL & Lorig, LJ 2010, 'Investigation of caving induced subsidence at the abandoned Grace Mine', in Y Potvin (ed.), Caving 2010: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 189-204, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_rep/1002_11_Sainsbury
(https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/1002_11_Sainsbury/)
Abstract: The Grace Mine, located in southeast Pennsylvania USA, was owned and operated by Bethlehem Steel Corporation from 1951–1977. During this time, iron ore was extracted using the underground panel caving mining method that has resulted in significant surface subsidence. Upon recovery of the water table after mining, a lake has formed over much of the subsided area. Prior to redevelopment of the abandoned mine site for residential and light industrial usage, investigation of the subsidence zone of influence, and the potential for further subsidence has been undertaken.