Maurice, C, Mäkitalo, M, Villain, L & Öhlander, B 2010, 'Green liquor dregs for the amendment of tailings', in R Jewell & AB Fourie (eds), Paste 2010: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Seminar on Paste and Thickened Tailings, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 487-494, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_rep/1063_43_Maurice
(https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/1063_43_Maurice/)
Abstract: Green liquor dregs (GLD) from the sulphate pulping process is one of the main wastes from the pulp 
industry still being landfilled in Sweden. GLD has similar hydro-geotechnical properties as tailings paste 
and may be used as an amendment to tailings to reduce the leachate generation, improve the leachate 
quality, and improve the geotechnical properties of the mixture. The addition of 10% GLD (dry weight basis) 
reduced the hydraulic conductivity of the tailings by a factor of two. Addition of a 30% mixture (on a dry 
weight basis) of GLD and fly ash (FA) to tailings reduced the hydraulic conductivity by more than one order 
of magnitude. Thanks to its alkaline properties and it negative zeta potential, GLD has a direct effect on the 
metal leaching from tailings. The alkaline capacity of the pulping wastes raised the pH in the stabilised 
tailings and reduced leaching of Cu, Co, Cd, and Ni. Addition of 10% pulping waste to tailings on a dry 
weight basis was sufficient to reduce copper leaching by a factor of 4 to 10.