Farina, P, Catani, F, Rosi, A, Setiawan, I, Junaidi, A, Afrizal, K & Wijayanto, A 2020, 'Development of an early warning system for shallow landslide 
hazard in the Grasberg area, Indonesia', in PM Dight (ed.), Slope Stability 2020: Proceedings of the 2020 International Symposium on Slope Stability in Open Pit Mining and Civil Engineering, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 1425-1438, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2025_98
(https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/2025_98_Farina/)
Abstract: In the middle of the 20th century, one of the largest open pit mining facilities in the world was established at Grasberg on top of the main Papuan ridge. In time, this expanded to become the most notable man-made landscape feature on the entire island. Mining operations are supported by a large array of workshops and facilities, scattered from the top of the mountain down to the seashore. They include large camps and mining villages hosting the workforce and their families.
In this work, we present the results of a project to help mining company staff define triggers for an early warning system (EWS) for shallow landslides using meteorological forecasts and rain gauge measurements. This would help to mitigate the risk for the Grasberg mine and surrounding valleys of sudden detachment, routing and runout of shallow landslides.
To achieve such a scope, the work has been split into three main tasks:

Keywords: landslide hazard mapping, early warning systems, machine learning