Elmouttie, MK, Luo, X, Dean, P, Duan, J & Malos, J 2021, 'Slope monitoring using sensor fusion', in PM Dight (ed.), SSIM 2021: Second International Slope Stability in Mining, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 199-210, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2135_11
(https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/2135_11_Elmouttie/)
Abstract: Geotechnical monitoring of slopes has improved dramatically over the last 20 years due to the onset of new sensor technologies and improved computing resources. Each sensor type has its strengths and weaknesses and, although an array of different sensors is now typically deployed at large surface mines, the data and downstream analysis is not typically ‘fused’ in a signal processing sense. 
In this paper, we present technologies that are being developed using a fused sensor approach. The first fuses vision and radar to improve monitoring of three-dimensional (3D) deformation of slopes. The second fuses vision, radar, and microseismics to support 3D rockfall trajectory estimation. The third fuses vision and prior knowledge of the 3D topography for fast 3D surface reconstruction for slope characterisation.
This paper presents ongoing industry funded research and field trials into the feasibility of using these technologies in surface mines.

Keywords: vision, radar, deformation, rockfall