Velásquez , J, Vallejos, J & Sepúlveda, R 2026, 'Dynamic performance of ground support systems under impact loading
tests: a deformation-based interpretation', in D Cumming-Potvin & J Wesseloo (eds), Ground Support 2026: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Ground Support in Mining, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2625_03
(https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/2625_03_Velasquez/)
Abstract: This work presents an analysis of the dynamic response of ground support systems subjected to large-scale impact loading tests. The methodology integrates the estimation of the global dynamic demand from acceleration records, together with the evaluation of the local response of the reinforcement elements and the system displacement. The results show that support performance depends not only on the input energy, but also on the sequence of component activation and failure, load redistribution, and the degree of integration between mesh, shotcrete and anchorage elements. Three groups of field-scale tests are compared: stiff-impact tests on load-distribution systems (mesh-over-shotcrete configurations), stiff-impact tests on the central reinforcement element with high-tensile embedded mesh, and soft-impact tests incorporating an energy transfer bed. Across the families’ groups, the mesh type and its installation (embedded versus over shotcrete), the bolt installation condition (grouted versus in a steel tube) and the presence of a load transfer bed are shown to govern the failure mode, the displacement at which the central element is eliminated and the post-failure energy absorption. This approach enables the comparison of different ground support systems in terms of their ability to control deformation, dissipate energy and maintain load transfer toward stable zones, while also providing a basis for the selection of design parameters under dynamic demand conditions.

Keywords: dynamic testing, ground support systems, energy dissipation, load–displacement response, rockburst