Ghahreman Nejad, B & Lu, Z 2026, 'Transforming tailings storage: a comparative study of central thickened discharge 
versus conventional tailings storage facilities in Western Australia', in AB Fourie, M Horta, M Oliveira & S Wilson (eds), Paste 2026: Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Paste, Thickened and Filtered Tailings, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2655_14
(https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/2655_14_Nejad/)
Abstract: This paper presents the findings of a high-level options study conducted for the development of a tailings storage facility (TSF) in a relatively arid region of Western Australia. The study evaluates various tailings management strategies and culminates in the selection and implementation of a central thickened discharge (CTD) scheme. The paper further explores the design rationale, operational performance to date, and longterm implications of the adopted CTD scheme.
The CTD scheme represents a strategic departure from the site’s traditional upstream-raised TSFs, offering a range of technical, environmental, and operational advantages. Key benefits include a substantial reduction in liquefaction and geotechnical instability risks, simplified construction methodologies, improved tailings deposition and water recovery/management, and a lower overall environmental footprint.

Keywords: tailings storage facility, central thickened discharge, upstream raise, thickening, tailings deposition