Linero, S, Palma,  C & Apablaza, R 2007, 'Geotechnical Characterisation of Waste Material in Very High Dumps with Large Scale Triaxial Testing', in Y Potvin (ed.), Slope Stability 2007: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Rock Slope Stability in Open Pit Mining and Civil Engineering, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 59-75, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/708_2
(https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/708_2_Linero/)
Abstract: Large scale, open pit copper mining in Chile involves the mobilization of large amounts of waste material 
from the pit to areas specifically prepared to store this material. The challenge faced by some mines in the 
Andean mountain range is the lack of available space for waste dumps given the steepness of the typical 
mountainous topography. Because of this there is an ever more urgent need to design very high dumps that 
are unprecedented in the world. 
Usually verification of the stability of waste dumps does not pose a significant difficulty. However, in the 
case of deposits that can be hundreds of metres high at the face, such as those planned by Codelco´s Andina 
Division, it becomes necessary to have detailed knowledge of the geomechanical behaviour of the material. 
In general, the studies in characterisation of coarse granular material have been done in relation to the 
construction of rockfill dams. Waste dumps, as opposed to dams, are generally built simply by overturning 
truckloads, which produce a low initial density. Additionally, the particles of material can reach sizes in the 
order of metres, which is not common in dam construction. 
The investigation and results of the characterization of the geomechanical properties of the waste material 
from Codelco´s Andina Division is presented in this paper. In particular, characterisation of the particles 
and large scale shear resistance tests were carried out in an attempt to simulate the field conditions in terms 
of grain size distribution of the material and level of the expected loads.