Fjær, E & Papamichos, E 2008, 'The Variable Rate of Sand Production Captured by an Analytical Model', in Y Potvin, J Carter, A Dyskin & R Jeffrey (eds), SHIRMS 2008: Proceedings of the First Southern Hemisphere International Rock Mechanics Symposium, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 355-368, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/808_58
(https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/808_58_Fjaer/)
Abstract: An analytical model for the rate of sand production from cylindrical cavities has been calibrated on laboratory tests, and used for prediction of sand production under field-like conditions. The model is based on the assumption that sand production is driven by erosion from plastified material around the cavity. The model predicts, in agreement with field observations, that sand production may occur in different forms: It may be continuous, at a relatively constant rate; it may be transient, where continuous production at a declining rate follows a burst of sand, or it may be catastrophic, where sand is produced at a very high rate. The predictions are found to vary significantly, depending on rock type, in situ stress and pore pressure conditions, and well pressure and fluid flow rate.