Back analysis of caving propagation using numerical models in Esmeralda Sur mine

Authors: Vidal, R; Vallejos, JA; Cuello, D; Cifuentes, C Download Paper

Cite As:
Vidal, R, Vallejos, JA, Cuello, D & Cifuentes, C 2024, 'Back analysis of caving propagation using numerical models in Esmeralda Sur mine', in Daniel Johansson & Håkan Schunnesson (eds), MassMin 2024: Proceedings of the International Conference & Exhibition on Mass Mining, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, pp. 599-605.



Abstract:
Between early 2011 and 2012, two virgin caves (Esmeralda Sur’s Block 1 and Block 2) commenced operations within El Teniente mine. These blocks were situated in a competent rock mass known as the mafic complex from El Teniente mine (CMET) and achieved an extraction rate of 25,000 tonnes per day (tpd). The stress conditions in this zone were significantly influenced by the proximity to the old Esmeralda’s cave. Both Blocks implemented hydraulic fracturing. Drawing upon data collected from the Esmeralda Sur mine, a continuous numerical model was developed using FLAC3D software and employed the IMASS constitutive model. The primary objective of this study was to calibrate the cave initiation, propagation, and breakthrough processes. In conclusion, this study presents recommendations and techniques for continuous caving modelling using numerical tools.