Economic impact of ground control technologies in large-scale, deep underground caving mining

Authors: Moss, A; Scolari, F

DOI https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2625_37

Cite As:
Moss, A & Scolari, F 2026, 'Economic impact of ground control technologies in large-scale, deep underground caving mining', in D Cumming-Potvin & J Wesseloo (eds), Ground Support 2026: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Ground Support in Mining, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2625_37

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Abstract:
Deep large-scale cave mining methods play an increasingly important role in the copper industry. The quantity and complexity of these excavations demand, enhanced construction practices that reduce ‘time-to-ore production’ and ensure reliable access to drawpoints throughout the life of mine. Modern, integrated ground support systems, proactive excavation maintenance strategies, and comprehensive ground control management processes are central elements in delivering a safe, reliable, and productive mining system. Traditionally viewed as a cost and schedule constraint, effective ground support must be recognised as a strategic investment that directly enhances production reliability. Achieving this outcome requires a holistic approach that integrates multiple support elements into a cohesive system while accounting for installation quality, timing, and operational efficiency. ‘Ground control’ integrates advanced ground support, multilayered monitoring systems, and rock mechanics algorithms with mine design and operations software. New features on bolting rigs can assess initial rockbolt capacity, while instrumented rockbolts monitor progressive deformation to evaluate residual capacity. Monitoring thus becomes an active design tool, enabling the timely installation of supplementary support essential to maintaining system safety and performance. This paper evaluates the value proposition of ground support across different stages of cave development and production, outlines the rationale for treating mine excavations as critical investments, and positions ground support as a strategic component fundamental to long-term operational success.

Keywords: scheduling impact, asset management, ground control, monitoring, total cost of mining, preventive support maintenance

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