Authors: Arndt, S; Villa, D; Khodayari, F; Ndlovu, B

Open access courtesy of:

DOI https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2205_64

Cite As:
Arndt, S, Villa, D, Khodayari, F & Ndlovu, B 2022, 'Investigating economic and risk metrics using design of experiments in fully coupled caving geomechanics simulation', in Y Potvin (ed.), Caving 2022: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Block and Sublevel Caving, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 939-950, https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2205_64

Download citation as:   ris   bibtex   endnote   text   Zotero


Abstract:
Technology for fully coupled simulation of the caving process, typically accounting for the flow of material using cellular automata (CA3D) and using non-linear stress-strain analysis (finite element method, FEM) for cave propagation, has been emerging over the last decade. The highest level of autonomy in this domain is achieved with automated model construction and meshing capabilities directly driven from data pertaining block model, geotechnical domains, drawpoints and production schedule, as is the case using a block cave model in the PCBC software from Dassault Systèmes. This process automation enables encapsulating the simulation into advanced ‘design space exploration’ tools such as design of experiments (DoE) – referring to the ability to quantify the influence matrix of a large range of individual parameters and metrics and search the results space for behaviours of interest or optimise for desired outcomes. Examples of such investigations can include understanding the mechanisms causing cave propagation to stall with the risk of creating an airgap or comparing alternative schedules with different directional scenarios for cave establishment and its impact both on geomechanics, such as fault activation, as well as project net present value (NPV). The encapsulation can extend to more complex downstream processing, such as detailed grade analysis, linking block model information to processing parameters or energy consumption. Importantly, integration with business drivers such as de-carbonisation and sustainability becomes possible.

Keywords: caving geomechanics, cellular automata, finite element analysis, integrated simulation, optimisation, design of experiments, risk

References:
Arndt, SM, Fillery, BP & Beck, DA 2009, ‘Advances in mining simulation’, Proceedings of the SIMULA Customer Conference, Dassault Systèmes.
Arndt, S, Bui, T, Diering, T, Austen, I & Hocking, R 2018, ‘Integrated simulation and optimisation tools for production scheduling using finite element analysis caving geomechanics simulation coupled with 3D cellular automata’, in Y Potvin & J Jakubec (eds), Caving 2018: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 247–260, doi.org/10.36487/ACG_rep/1815_16_Arndt
Arndt, S, Beck, D, Reusch, F, Thin, I, Stone, C, Heap, M & Tyler, D 2007, ‘Deep and high stress mining – deformation and seismicity’, Proceedings of the 2007 ABAQUS World Users Conference, Dassault Systèmes.
Beck, D, Arndt, S, Thin, I, Stone, C & Butcher, R 2006, ‘A conceptual sequence for a block cave in an extreme stress and deformation environment’, Deep Mining 2006: Proceedings of the Third International Seminar on Deep and High Stress Mining, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, Australia, pp. 65–76.
Brown, ET 2002, Block Caving Geomechanics, Julius Kruttschnitt Mineral Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly.
Burgio, N & Diering, T 2008, ‘Simulating irregular cave propagation using PCBC’, MassMin 2008: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference and Exhibition on Mass Mining, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, pp. 1033–1042.
Bui, T 2014, ‘Tactical shut-off value strategies for panel cave mines’, Proceedings of the SME Annual Meeting & Exhibit, Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, Englewood.
Cumming-Potvin, D, Wesseloo, J, Jacobsz, SW & Kearsley, E 2018, ‘A re-evaluation of the conceptual model of caving mechanics’, in Y Potvin & J Jakubec (eds), Caving 2018: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 179–190, doi.org/10.36487/ACG_rep/1815_11_Cumming-Potvin
Duplancic, P 2001, Characterisation of Caving Mechanisms Through Analysis of Stress and Seismicity, PhD thesis, The University of Western Australia.
Flores-Gonzalez, G 2019, ‘Major hazards associated with cave mining: are they manageable?’, in J Wesseloo (ed.), MGR 2019: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Mining Geomechanical Risk, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 31–46, doi.org/10.36487/ACG_rep/1905_0.3_Flores-Gonzalez
Ghazvinian, E, Garza-Cruz, T, Bouzeran, L, Fuenzalida, M, Cheng, Z, Cancino, C & Pierce, M 2020, ‘Theory and implementation of the Itasca constitutive model for advanced strain softening (IMASS)’, MassMin 2020: Proceedings Eighth International Conference and Exhibition on Mass Mining, University of Chile, Santiago.
Haflil, D, de Jong G, 2014, Wicaksono, D & Soebari, L, 2014, ‘Evidence of lateral movement-rilling and mining implications at the DOZ (Deep Ore Zone) block cave mine, Papua, Indonesia’, Proceedings of the Ninth International Mining Geology Conference, Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Melbourne.
Itasca Australia, 2022, viewed 25 Apr 2022, Melbourne, itasca.com.au/software/scripting-fish-in-flac3d-1
Koch, P, Evans, J & Powell, D 2002, ‘Interdigitation for effective design space exploration using iSIGHT’, Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, vol. 23, pp. 111–126, doi.org/10.1007/s00158-002-0171-9
Neal, FB & Russ, JC 2012, Measuring Shape, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
Sainsbury, B, Sainsbury, D & Carroll, D 2018, ‘Back-analysis of PC1 cave propagation and subsidence behaviour at the Cadia East mine’, in Y Potvin & J Jakubec (eds), Caving 2018: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 167–178, doi.org/10.36487/ACG_rep/1815_10_Sainsbury
Vakili, A, Abedian, B & Cosgriff, B 2020, ‘Applied numerical modeling in geomechanics’, D Billaux, J Hazzard, M Nelson & M Schöpfer (eds), Proceedings of the 5th International Itasca Symposium, Itasca International, Inc., Minneapolis, Paper: 13-01.
Veltkamp, RC 2001, ‘Shape matching: Similarity measures and algorithms’, Proceedings of the International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Piscataway, pp. 188–197.
Villa, D 2014, ‘Mine sequence optimization for block caving using concept of ‘best and worst case’’, Caving 2014: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving, University of Chile Santiago, Chile, pp. 426–436.
Weller, S 2019, 3D Cave Shape Comparison, Dassault Systèmes internal report.




© Copyright 2024, Australian Centre for Geomechanics (ACG), The University of Western Australia. All rights reserved.
View copyright/legal information
Please direct any queries or error reports to repository-acg@uwa.edu.au